![]() ![]() The industry can be traced there to 1792. Orange was once the United States' hat-making capital. Orange became an industrial city early in its history, with the tanning industry expanding rapidly after settlers found growths of hemlock trees that were a source for the tannic acid they needed, leading to the growth of many factories producing shoes and boots. (The first electric trolley in the State of New Jersey operated over a section of this line.) Eventually, all the trolleys, and the buses that replaced them, became part of the sprawling Public Service Coordinated Transport System. The Orange Crosstown Line, eventually extending from Morris Street, Orange, to Bloomfield, was started in June 1888. Trolley cars appeared much later, with the Orange and Newark Horse Car Railroad Company running its first car up Main Street in May 1862. ![]() The "M&E" later became a part of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad (DL&W), which exists today as NJ Transit's Morristown Line. On October 2, 1837, the first steam locomotive appeared, and the horses were, with minor exception, relegated to pasture. The Morris and Essex Railroad arrived in Orange in November 1836, its first cars drawn by horses. Omnibuses of the Eclipse and the Morris & Newark Lines serviced Orange. Initially, the stagecoach was the primary method of transportation. The town became a busy thoroughfare for travelers, and hotels abounded. Orange is on the Newark and Mount-Pleasant Turnpike, the main road from Newark to Morristown, and ultimately to Easton, Pennsylvania. South Orange was organized on JanuFairmount (later to become part of West Orange) on MaEast Orange on Maand West Orange (including Fairmount) on March 14, 1863. Immediately, the new city began fragmenting into smaller communities, primarily because of local disputes about the costs of establishing paid police, fire, and street departments. On April 13, 1807, the first government was elected, but not until March 13, 1860, was Orange officially incorporated as a city. This did not occur until November 27, 1806, when the territory now encompassing all of the Oranges was finally detached. At the time, a significant number of people favored secession from Newark. On June 7, 1780, the townspeople of Newark Mountains officially voted to adopt the name Orange. Orange was initially part of the city of Newark, but it was originally known as "Newark Mountains". Since Carteret had been Royal Governor of the Isle of Jersey, the territory became known as "New Jersey." In 1664, James conveyed the land to two proprietors, Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret. The area was in the northeast portion of a land grant conveyed by King Charles II of England to his brother James, Duke of York. They arrived on territory now encompassing Newark, the Oranges, and several other municipalities. In 1666, 30 of New Haven's families traveled by water to found "a town on the Passayak" River. Orange has its origins in Connecticut's New Haven Colony. In 2020, the township had New Jersey's 12th-highest property tax rate, with an equalized rate of 4.679% compared to 2.824% in the county as a whole and a statewide average of 2.279%. ĭespite the differences in the municipalities' character, Orange, East Orange, South Orange and West Orange are sometimes jointly called The Oranges. ![]() The city derives its name from William III of England or William IV, Prince of Orange. In 1982, the city was one of four Essex County municipalities to pass a referendum to become a township, joining 11 municipalities that had already made the change, of what ultimately were more than a dozen Essex County municipalities to reclassify themselves as townships to take advantage of federal revenue sharing policies that allocated townships a greater share of government aid to municipalities on a per capita basis. On April 3, 1872, Orange was reincorporated as a city. Parts of the town were taken to form South Orange Township (April 1, 1861, now known as Maplewood), Fairmount (March 11, 1862, now part of West Orange), East Orange Township (March 4, 1863) and West Orange Township (April 10, 1863). On January 31, 1860, Orange was reincorporated as a town. Parts of the township were taken on April 14, 1834, to form the now-defunct Clinton Township. The New Jersey Legislature originally incorporated Orange as a township on November 27, 1806, from parts of Newark Township. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 34,447, an increase of 4,313 (+14.3%) from the 2010 census count of 30,134, which in turn reflected a decline of 2,734 (+8.3%) from the 32,868 counted in the 2000 census. The City of Orange is a township in Essex County, in the U.S. ![]()
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